Wenying Hong , Rudi Mai

Tropical Biological Resources Research Center, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 572025, Hainan, China
Author    Correspondence author
Biological Evidence, 2025, Vol. 15, No. 4   
Received: 18 May, 2025    Accepted: 20 Jun., 2025    Published: 02 Jul., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

African terrestrial snails, especially the invasive species of the genus Achatina, have brought significant ecological and agricultural problems to the world. This study presents some new advancements in phylogenetic genomics, population genetics, and niche modeling, reconstructs the evolutionary process and diffusion pathways of African terrestrial snails, summarizes their origin in Africa, the differentiation trends of their populations, and also explains how they spread to Asia, Europe, and America through natural diffusion and human activities. This study combined genomic data and climate information to analyze the adaptability and invasion mechanism of this type of snail. This study hopes to provide theoretical support and research ideas for understanding the evolutionary background and environmental influencing factors of African terrestrial snails, as well as how to prevent and control their spread.

African terrestrial snails; Phylogenomics; Global dispersal; Invasion biology; Ecological niche modeling