Jiayi Wu

Institute of Life Sciences, Jiyang Colloge of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
Biological Evidence, 2025, Vol. 15, No. 1   
Received: 08 Jan., 2025    Accepted: 09 Feb., 2025    Published: 27 Feb., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The fatty acids contained in rapeseed have a direct impact on the nutritional value, industrial use and economic benefits of rapeseed. This review mainly discusses the synthesis mechanism of rapeseed fatty acids, the regulation mechanism of fatty acid composition, and the influence of genetic, biochemical and environmental factors on it. Among them, some enzymes are introduced, mainly some enzymes that play a key regulatory role, such as fatty acid desaturase (FADs). The article will also introduce several more important regulatory genes, such as BnaLEC1s and BnaRGAs. These enzymes and genes are relatively important regulatory entities in rapeseed plants, affecting the transcriptional regulation and hormone regulation network in rapeseed. At the same time, researchers have also used new technologies such as genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), transcriptome analysis and epigenetic methods to identify key genes and regulatory regions related to fatty acid traits. The article will also mention the effects of environmental conditions (such as temperature changes and abiotic stresses) on fatty acid composition. In order to reduce the impact of the environment on fatty acid composition, scientists have developed many breeding methods and biotechnology means, some of which, such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, metabolic engineering and acetylation modification, have been applied. These tools can effectively increase the oleic acid content and reduce the linoleic acid ratio, thereby improving the overall oil quality. Combining multiple omics technologies with artificial intelligence is also a new way to optimize fatty acid metabolism. Subsequent research can make greater use of these tools to cultivate new rapeseed varieties with better oil quality and stronger stress resistance.

Fatty acid composition; Brassica napus; Gene regulation; Metabolic engineering; Genome-wide association study