Qishan Chen

Modern Agricultural Research Center, Cuixi Academy of Biotechnology, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
Biological Evidence, 2025, Vol. 15, No. 5   
Received: 18 Aug., 2025    Accepted: 29 Sep., 2025    Published: 10 Oct., 2025

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This study mainly introduces the important genes related to protein and oil content in soybean seeds. In recent years, researchers have identified many major QTLS and candidate genes related to protein and oil content by using methods such as genome-wide association analysis, transcriptomics and proteomics. Especially on chromosomes 15 and 20, such as FAD2-1, GmSWEET10a/b, GmMFT, etc., these genes often affect both proteins and oils simultaneously, and often in the opposite direction. Many studies have also found that there is a significant negative correlation between proteins and oils, and their regulatory networks involve different pathways such as carbon metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and sugar transport. In addition, some genes are also related to traits such as seed development and stress response, showing pleiotropy. The article also summarizes the functional verification of these genes and their application in molecular breeding. In the future, by integrating multi-omics data, machine learning and precision breeding technologies, it may help us break through the contradiction between protein and oil content, enhance the adaptability of soybeans, and meet different consumer demands. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for the efficient improvement and sustainable utilization of soybeans.

Soybeans (Glycine max); Protein content; Oil content; Key genes; Molecular breeding