Jin Zhou , Shujuan Wang

Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Sanya, 572000, China
Author    Correspondence author
Molecular Soil Biology, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 6   
Received: 19 Sep., 2024    Accepted: 23 Oct., 2024    Published: 04 Nov., 2024

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

This study mainly analyzed the genetic regulation mechanism of wheat roots and its application potential in stress resistance and yield increase. The research team found that the root structure of different germplasm resources has obvious plasticity under environmental stresses such as drought and barrenness. The genetic diversity of key traits such as taproot, node root and lateral root provides a good foundation for variety improvement. By integrating GWAS analysis, QTL positioning and multi-omics technology, researchers can successfully identify the core gene network and its action pathways that regulate root development. In the study, the combination of CRISPR gene editing and root three-dimensional imaging technology provided impetus for the improvement of key indicators such as root length density and specific surface area. Field experiments have confirmed that optimizing root structure can increase water use efficiency by 18% to 25% and nitrogen and phosphorus absorption rate by 12% to 20%. For technical bottlenecks such as precise phenotypic quantification and multi-gene coordinated regulation, this study proposed solutions for constructing a germplasm resource gene bank and an intelligent breeding platform, hoping to provide a theoretical framework and technical path for the physiological bottleneck of crop adversity and contribute to global food security.

Wheat root traits; Genetic control; Drought resistance; QTL mapping; Gene editing