Yan  Yang^1,2

1 Zhejiang Fengyu Eco-Technology Co., Ltd., Pujiang, 322200, Zhejiang, China
2 Zhejiang Agronomist College, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
Molecular Soil Biology, 2026, Vol. 17, No. 2   
Received: 26 Jan., 2026    Accepted: 01 Mar., 2026    Published: 29 Apr., 2026

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Biofertilizers have emerged as an environmentally sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers in modern agriculture, particularly in vegetable production systems such as pepper (Capsicum spp.). This study investigates the effects of biofertilizer application on soil enzyme activities and yield formation in pepper cultivation. By analyzing key soil enzymes including urease, phosphatase, and catalase, the study reveals that biofertilizers significantly enhance soil biochemical activity, thereby promoting nutrient cycling and improving soil fertility. Furthermore, biofertilizer application positively influences rhizosphere ecological functions, leading to improved root development and increased nutrient uptake efficiency. These changes contribute to enhanced plant growth, higher yield components, and improved fruit quality, including elevated levels of vitamin C and capsaicin. A case study conducted under typical cultivation conditions further validates the practical benefits of biofertilizer use. Overall, the findings demonstrate that biofertilizers play a critical role in improving soil health and increasing pepper productivity, offering promising prospects for sustainable agricultural practices.

Pepper (Capsicum spp.); Biofertilizer; Soil enzyme activity; Rhizosphere ecology; Yield formation